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December 5, 2025November 17, 2025

Is Your Eggnog a Health Hazard? Critical Checks for Safe Holiday Beverages

As the holiday season approaches, festive beverages like eggnog, mulled cider, and hot chocolate become top-sellers. But for a foodservice operation, these seemingly harmless drinks—especially eggnog—can represent one of the most significant food safety risks of the year. Providing safe holiday beverages is a non-negotiable part of your holiday service and a key responsibility for every Certified Food Protection Manager (CFPM).

A single contaminated batch can have serious consequences. Recent CDC investigations into Salmonella outbreaks have identified a strong link to eggs. In one such outbreak, 92% of people interviewed reported eating eggs before becoming ill. This is a stark reminder that high-risk ingredients demand a higher standard of care.

Let’s look at the three critical checkpoints for ensuring your holiday beverages are safe and compliant.

The Primary Culprit: Salmonella and Raw Eggs

The classic “homemade” eggnog recipe is a food-safety nightmare. It calls for raw, unpasteurized eggs mixed with milk, cream, and sugar. This mixture creates an ideal environment for Salmonella Enteritidis. This bacterium can live inside normal-looking eggs.

The Risk is Real:

Salmonella can cause severe gastrointestinal illness. For vulnerable populations—including older adults, young children, and immunocompromised individuals—an infection can lead to hospitalization or worse.

The Non-Negotiable Solution:

Always use pasteurized eggs. Liquid, pasteurized eggs are the gold standard for any recipe you won’t cook to 165°F. This step eliminates the primary bacterial threat from the start.

Labeling is Key:

If you make a “cooked” eggnog base (heating the egg-milk mixture to 160°F), you must cool it properly. However, using pasteurized eggs from the beginning is the simplest and most foolproof method to ensure safety.

The Alcohol Myth: Why "Spiking" Isn't a Safety Step

A common belief is that adding alcohol (like brandy, rum, or whiskey) to eggnog “sterilizes” it and kills any harmful bacteria. This is a dangerously false assumption.

Alcohol is Not a Sanitizer:

While high-proof alcohol can have antimicrobial properties, it requires specific concentrations and significant time to be effective. The dilution in a thick, fatty beverage like eggnog renders it ineffective as a food safety control point.

Fat Protects Bacteria:

The high fat and protein content of the eggnog can act as a shield, insulating bacteria from the alcohol and allowing them to survive and multiply.

The Real Danger:

Relying on alcohol for safety can create a false sense of security. This may cause staff to become complacent about the real control: temperature.

Temperature Control: A CFPM's Best Defense

Once you prepare your eggnog (using pasteurized eggs), the game is not over. Like any dairy-based, high-protein food, eggnog is a Time/Temperature Control for Safety (TCS) food. You must keep it out of the temperature danger zone (41°F to 135°F).

Cold Holding:

If serving eggnog cold, you must hold it at 41°F or below at all times. This includes the walk-in, the prep cooler, and the service line. Use an ice bath for buffet service and check the temperature with a calibrated thermometer frequently.

Time as a Control:

If you cannot guarantee a temperature below 41°F on a buffet, you must use Time as a Public Health Control (TAPHc). This means you must mark the eggnog with a 4-hour discard time and throw it away after that period.

Hot Beverages:

The same rules apply to hot drinks like mulled cider or hot chocolate. If you are hot-holding them for service, you must maintain a temperature of 135°F or higher. Never let them sit “lukewarm” in a pot on the stove.

As a CFPM, your team looks to you to set the standard. These festive beverages are high-risk, but you can manage them safely with the right protocols and a well-trained staff.

Protect Your Patrons with Expert Training

Don’t let a food safety mistake ruin a customer’s holiday. Ensuring your entire team understands the “why” behind these rules is the best way to guarantee you serve safe holiday beverages.

Safe Food Training provides the expert-led courses you need. Jeff Webster offers personalized, instructor-led options for the full 8-hour Certified Food Protection Manager course or the 3-year continuing education renewal. We make complex food safety principles clear and practical for your Minnesota-based team.

Visit our website today to book your upcoming training and keep your holiday service safe and successful.

November 18, 2025November 23, 2025

When the Supply Chain Fails: The Peach Recall and Why Every Certified Food Protection Manager Must Pay Attention

As a Minnesota food safety professional, my usual focus is on in-house standards like time/temperature and hygiene. However, the recent nationwide peach recalls—initially fresh peaches from HMC Farms and Moonlight Companies due to Listeria, followed by Kroger’s “Private Selection” peach salsa recall—demonstrate the critical need for a Certified Food Protection Manager (CFPM) to manage external threats. The salsa recall was necessary because it was made with the contaminated peaches, illustrating the “continuing fallout” and the vital lessons in traceability and supplier-level risk for all Minnesota food managers.

1. The Initial Recall: A Problem at the Source

The first recall was for the raw, agricultural product—the fresh peaches. Listeria is a bacterium found in soil, water, and animal feces, meaning contamination can happen right on the farm or in the processing plant.

This presents an immediate challenge for you, whether you are a manager, chef, or business owner.

You cannot see the threat: Listeria doesn’t change the smell, taste, or appearance of the food. A contaminated peach looks just like a safe peach. This is why we rely on food safety systems, not our senses.
The supplier is your first line of defense: This incident underscores the importance of using approved, reputable suppliers. Even the best suppliers can experience a recall; they must have procedures to identify and notify you immediately.

Receiving is a critical control point: Your receiving dock is more than a doorway. It’s the first checkpoint in your kitchen’s safety plan. You must train your team to check for undamaged packaging, proper temperatures (when applicable), and to know who your suppliers are.

2. The "Recall Fallout" and Your Certified Food Protection Manager Training

The secondary recall of the peach salsa is, in many ways, the more important lesson for a Certified Food Protection Manager. The salsa company didn’t necessarily do anything wrong in its own kitchen, but a contaminated ingredient it received from a supplier affected it.

Ask yourself these questions:

Do you have a traceability plan? If you received a recall notice today for “HMC Farms Peaches,” could you—within minutes—know if you had that product? Could you check whether you used that product in a batch of house-made chutney, a dessert special, or a salad?
Are you tracking lot codes? For many managers, the box is broken down and the invoice filed away. Best practice during a high-risk event is to maintain traceability. This can mean having a simple log or even just clipping the lot code label from a case and attaching it to your invoice.

How Fast Can You Act? A recall is a race against the clock. Your role as a CFPM is to have a plan before you need it. This includes identifying the product, segregating it (labeling it “DO NOT USE”), and communicating with staff and, if necessary, the public and your local health department.

3. The Pathogen: Why Listeria is a Unique Threat

This recall involved Listeria, not E. coli or Salmonella. For a food professional, this distinction is critical, as Listeria has a terrifying “superpower.”

It Grows in the Cold: This is the most important fact. Unlike most bacteria that are slowed by refrigeration, Listeria monocytogenes can continue to grow and multiply at refrigerated temperatures (40°F or below).
The Risk in Ready-to-Eat (RTE) Foods: A manager might mistakenly believe a product is “safe” once it’s in the walk-in cooler. With Listeria, that cooler can become an incubator. This makes it uniquely dangerous for ready-to-eat foods that lack a “kill step” (i.e., cooking), such as fresh salsa, deli meats, soft cheeses, and sprouts.
It is a zero-tolerance pathogen: Because Listeria is so dangerous, especially to high-risk populations, there is a “zero-tolerance” policy for it in ready-to-eat foods. A single cell is all it takes to render a food “adulterated.” This is why you see massive recalls from a potential contamination, not just a confirmed one.

These events are clear reminders that food safety isn’t just a poster on the wall; it’s an active, daily-managed system. And you lead that system.

Build Your Expertise with Safe Food Training

Recalls are real-world tests of your food safety systems. As a Certified Food Protection Manager, you lead the effort to protect public health and your business’s reputation.

If you or your team need the 8-hour food licensing certification or your three-year renewal, we offer friendly, personalized, and effective training tailored for Minnesota food professionals.

Don’t wait for a recall. Visit safefoodtraining.com to register and gain the skills to handle any food safety challenge.

November 16, 2025November 16, 2025

More Than Turkey: Why a 1621 Thanksgiving Would Be a Certified Food Protection Manager’s Nightmare

Certified Food Protection Manager and the first Thanksgiving.

Certified food protection managers across Minnesota are deep in planning for the modern Thanksgiving feast. In our last post, we covered the critical safety checks for this meal, from thawing the turkey to cooling the leftovers. This high-pressure, high-risk meal is a true test of any food service operation.

But it begs the question: is this complex meal we serve today the same one the Pilgrims and Wampanoag shared in 1621? The classic painting of a perfect, golden-brown turkey on a platter is a staple of American history. Or is it?

Let’s look at what history tells us, and what it means for today’s food safety professionals.

The Myth: What We Think They Ate

When we plan a “traditional” Thanksgiving menu, we’re thinking of a very specific set of items:

Roast Turkey with Gravy
Bread-based Stuffing
Mashed Potatoes
Cranberry Sauce
Candied Yams or Sweet Potatoes
Pumpkin Pie

For a CFPM, this menu lists Time/Temperature Control for Safety (TCS) foods. You must cook the turkey to 165°F, the stuffing (if cooked separately) to 165°F, and hot-hold everything above 135°F or cool it using the two-stage method.

This menu poses a major safety challenge. But it’s nothing compared to what was actually served.

The Reality: The Real 1621 Menu

According to the two surviving accounts of the 1621 harvest feast, the menu was far more rustic and varied. It was a true hunter-gatherer’s meal, heavily influenced by what the Wampanoag guests brought.

Wild Fowl and Venison: Turkey was present, but it wasn’t the star. Accounts mention a “great store of wild turkeys” as well as geese and ducks. The Wampanoag also contributed five deer, making venison a centerpiece of the meal.
Seafood: Being a coastal New England settlement, the feast was heavy on seafood. This likely included mussels, clams, oysters, lobster, and eel—all staples of the local diet.
Native produce: Potatoes and yams were unknown to the Pilgrims. Instead, they would have eaten native New England produce like pumpkin and other squashes (roasted in the fire, not baked in a pie) and corn, which was likely served as a “mush” or cornbread.
Missing in Action: Cranberry sauce? Not for another 50 years. Butter and wheat flour for pie crusts? The Pilgrims had no ovens and limited supplies.

A CFPM’s Nightmare: The 1621 Food Safety Challenge

Today’s Thanksgiving is a challenge of process. The 1621 feast would have been a challenge because of limited ingredients and the risk of cross-contamination.

Imagine you’re the certified food protection manager for this 1621 feast. Your top concerns wouldn’t just be one turkey; they would be:

Massive Cross-Contamination Risk: You aren’t just prepping one type of raw protein. You are butchering and cooking wild-caught venison, multiple types of waterfowl, and prepping raw seafood. The risk of spreading pathogens from the field-dressed deer to the mussels or roasted squash would be astronomical without separate, color-coded prep areas.
High-Risk Seafood: Mussels, clams, and oysters are some of the high-risk foods we handle. They are filter feeders that can harbor Vibrio bacteria or norovirus. Without modern refrigeration, these would have to be harvested and cooked immediately—any delay would be a public health disaster.
No “Danger Zone” Control: The entire concept of hot-holding at 135°F or cold-holding at 41°F was nonexistent. Someone cooked and served the food over an open fire. This single-service event is actually safer in one way: there were no leftovers. The modern challenge of rapidly cooling leftover gravy and stuffing (a process that, when done wrong, is a leading cause of Clostridium perfringens) wasn’t a problem.

What Today's Thanksgiving Teaches Us

The first Thanksgiving was a rugged, single-service event based on immediate consumption. The modern Thanksgiving, in contrast, is a complex test of a food safety system.

The Pilgrims’ menu was varied, but our modern meal truly tests a Certified Food Protection Manager’s training. We manage a high-volume, multi-step process of thawing, cooking, hot-holding, serving, and (most importantly) cooling.

This modern complex process is where your training becomes critical. As you complete your Thanksgiving prep, make sure your certification is up to date. Safe Food Training offers the expert-led 8-hour Certified Food Protection Manager course and 3-year continuing education for you and your team in Minnesota.

Visit our website to book your training and head into the holidays with confidence.

November 11, 2025November 16, 2025

Two Weeks to Thanksgiving: A Certified Food Protection Manager’s Guide to Holiday Food Safety Blunders

With Thanksgiving just two weeks away, kitchens across Minnesota are gearing up for the busiest day of food service of the year. For a certified food protection manager, the holiday rush presents the single greatest challenge to maintaining food safety standards. The combination of complex menus, high-volume orders, temporary staff, and the sheer chaos of the day creates a perfect storm for critical errors.

According to the CDC, about 48 million Americans get sick from foodborne illnesses each year. The Thanksgiving holiday, centered on a high-risk food like turkey, is a notorious contributor to these statistics.

As food professionals, it’s our job to protect public health. Let’s review the three most common—and most dangerous—food safety blunders that happen during the holiday rush.

Blunder #1: The Great Turkey Thaw Catastrophe

This is a very frequent mistake, and it starts days before the holiday. A frozen turkey is essentially a block of ice, and thawing it improperly is a direct invitation for bacterial growth.

The primary culprit is thawing the bird on the kitchen counter. While convenient, this method is incredibly dangerous. As the turkey’s outer layers thaw, they quickly enter the temperature danger zone (41°F to 135°F). Meanwhile, the center remains frozen solid. In this danger zone, bacteria like Salmonella can double in as little as 20 minutes. The USDA is unequivocal: never thaw a turkey at room temperature.

Here are the only safe methods your team should use:

Refrigerator Thawing (Recommended): This is the safest, most controlled method. Place the turkey in a pan or on a tray (to catch drips) on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator. You must budget adequate time: allow one full day (24 hours) for every 4-5 pounds of turkey. A 20-pound bird will take 4 to 5 days to thaw completely.
Cold Water Thawing (Active): This method is faster but requires constant attention. Submerge the leak-proof packaged turkey in cold tap water. You must change the water every 30 minutes to ensure it stays cold. This method takes approximately 30 minutes per pound. This process requires your active participation.

Blunder #2: A Certified Food Protection Manager’s Blind Spot—Cross-Contamination

When the kitchen is in overdrive, basic protocols are the first to fall by the wayside. Cross-contamination from raw poultry is a massive risk that managers must expect. Raw turkey juice contains pathogens, and even a tiny amount can contaminate ready-to-eat (RTE) foods like salads or desserts.

This goes far beyond just cutting boards. Holiday prep involves dozens of high-touch surfaces and multitasking staff.

Improper Handwashing: This is the #1 vector. A cook handles the raw turkey, rinses their hands quickly (or just wipes them on an apron), and then grabs a refrigerator handle, a spice container, or a spatula. That surface is now contaminated. Solution: Emphasize thorough 20-second handwashing after touching raw poultry and schedule frequent sanitizing of all high-touch surfaces.
Cutting Board Control: Staff must use separate, color-coded cutting boards for raw poultry and RTE foods (such as vegetables for a relish tray). If you see a cook slice raw turkey and then just “wipe” the board before chopping celery, that is a critical violation.
Storage and Prep: In packed walk-in coolers, it’s tempting to shuffle things around. Always store raw turkey on the bottom shelf, below all other foods, especially RTE items. This prevents any potential drips from contaminating food below.

Blunder #3: Failing the Holding and Reheating Test

Getting the food cooked is only half the battle. Thanksgiving meals are often buffet-style or served for extended periods. This final stage is where many operations fail.

Improper Hot-Holding: Food on a buffet line or steam table must be held at 135°F or higher. As a manager, you must ensure staff check temperatures with a calibrated thermometer at least every 2 hours (or more frequently, depending on your HACCP plan). Discard any food that falls into the temperature danger zone.
The Cooling Catastrophe: You can’t just put a 5-gallon pot of hot gravy or a deep pan of stuffing directly into the walk-in cooler. This raises the ambient temperature of the cooler, putting other foods at risk, and the food itself will not cool fast enough. Solution: Use the two-stage cooling method (135°F to 70°F within 2 hours, then 70°F to 41°F within the next 4 hours). This requires active cooling with ice paddles or ice baths, or by dividing food into shallow pans.
Reheating Right: You must reheat leftovers correctly. You cannot simply “warm up” gravy on a steam table. You must rapidly reheat all leftovers to 165°F for 15 seconds before serving or placing them in hot-holding equipment.

The Thanksgiving rush is the ultimate test of your systems and your team’s training. As a Certified Food Protection Manager, your leadership in these critical moments protects your customers and your business’s reputation.

Stay Compliant and Confident This Holiday Season

Don’t let the holiday rush expose a gap in your team’s knowledge. Whether you need your initial certification or it’s time for your three-year renewal, Safe Food Training is here to help.

Jeff Webster provides personalized, expert-led training designed specifically for Minnesota food professionals. We offer our comprehensive 8-hour Certified Food Protection Manager course and dedicated continuing education sessions.

Visit our website to register yourself or your team for an upcoming course today.